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Knowledge of kidney function and disease in upper elementary school pupils of selected elementary schools
Kučerová, Petra ; Hanušová, Jaroslava (advisor) ; Váchová, Alena (referee)
The dissertation entitled Knowledge of kidney function and disease in upper elementary school pupils of selected elementary schools focuses on what knowledge of kidneys and kidney disease among pupils of selected elementary schools. The objective of the thesis is to show what knowledge pupils of the final two grades of selected elementary schools have about the structure and function of the kidneys as well as kidney disease and the possibilities of disease prevention, namely in terms of a suitable lifestyle and exercise. The theoretical part of the dissertation focuses on the description of the structure and function of the kidneys, kidney diseases and their treatment options, as well as the development of dialysis treatment since 2015 and assumptions about the success of the treatment. Importantly, it examines the Framework Educational Programme for elementary education, where the focus is on areas related to the topic of kidneys and their health. The practical part consists of an analysis of the answers of selected elementary school students to the questions in a questionnaire which contains questions focused on knowledge about kidney structure and function, possible risks to kidney health, the influence of diet and drinking habits on kidney health, and about disease prevention. Following from...
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Comparison between the quality of life of the patients with peritoneal dialysis in the year of 2004 and 2012
Fauová, Magdalena ; Mellanová, Alena (advisor) ; Podaná, Jana (referee)
The Bachelor Thesis looks into the standard of quality of life of patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis. The aim of my work was to determine if the quality of life of the patients treated within the period of eight years moved towards any progress. Whether the patients have any problems at work, in their personal life, and if their illness allows them to enjoy leisure activities and last but not least, if they perceive any change in applying this treatment and how. In the theoretical part of my thesis, I am focused on summarizing the information related to anatomy and physiology of kidney, renal failure and compensation of renal function. The comprehensive description of the quality of life of these patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis forms an integral part of my work. In the empirical part, I have used quantitative research and data I obtained via questionnaire survey. In my further investigation I applied comparative research and its results were compared with the research undertaken in 2004. The results have showed that the quality of life has improved in comparison to the year of 2004 in all of the mentioned dimensions. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Nutritional status of dialysis patients during the hospitalization
Jiráčková, Marie ; Vachek, Jan (advisor) ; Oulehle, Kateřina (referee)
The kidneys are a paired organ that has many functions in the body. They are responsible for the regulation of the internal surroundings, the excretion of metabolic products (nitrogen metabolites and foreign substances) and the secretion of certain hormones. In the theoretical part of the diploma thesis I give a brief description of the anatomy and physiology of the kidneys and a description of some renal diseases, with emphasis on acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease. I also discuss the possibilities of kidney function replacement and the adjustment of eating habits if a patient develops any of the kidney diseases. The practical part of the diploma thesis deals with the issue of nutritional status of hospitalized patients who are indicated for dialysis therapy. The research took place at the Faculty Hospital in Královské Vinohrady, mainly at the 1st internal clinic. The research group consisted of 17 patients who completed a questionnaire and kept a prospective record of the food portions eaten. Based on the calculation of the meals list, it was found that most of the patients do not receive enough energy or basic components of nutrition. The intake of minerals, with the exception of calcium, averaged the recommended values. Blood levels of serum albumin and minerals correspond on...
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Comparison between the quality of life of the patients with peritoneal dialysis in the year of 2004 and 2012
Fauová, Magdalena ; Mellanová, Alena (advisor) ; Podaná, Jana (referee)
The Bachelor Thesis looks into the standard of quality of life of patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis. The aim of my work was to determine if the quality of life of the patients treated within the period of eight years moved towards any progress. Whether the patients have any problems at work, in their personal life, and if their illness allows them to enjoy leisure activities and last but not least, if they perceive any change in applying this treatment and how. In the theoretical part of my thesis, I am focused on summarizing the information related to anatomy and physiology of kidney, renal failure and compensation of renal function. The comprehensive description of the quality of life of these patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis forms an integral part of my work. In the empirical part, I have used quantitative research and data I obtained via questionnaire survey. In my further investigation I applied comparative research and its results were compared with the research undertaken in 2004. The results have showed that the quality of life has improved in comparison to the year of 2004 in all of the mentioned dimensions. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Specifics of Nursing Care for Dialysis Patients
ŠŮSOVÁ, Andrea
Abstrakt Nursing is a unique component in patient care. Consistent nursing care depends not only from the theoretical knowledge but also from communicativeness, physical skills, empathy, ability to work in a team and organize work. The aim was to determine the difference in the education of the client with hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis, and also clarify how nurses educate clients about the dialysis regime measures. We also focused on the awareness of patients when these treatments were first introduced and patient awareness now. We wondered whether patients are properly educated and whether they are satisfied with the amount of information that is provided. Research questions were formed within these specific targets directed specifically to educate clients on hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis clients, their daily routine and the difference in the complexity of education between the two types of treatment. In these areas we have focused on nurses working at the hemodialysis centre and patients who are treated with dialysis. According to the two groups interviewed and evaluated, we concluded that the majority of nurses educate clients at the start of treatment. The nurses consider the following attributes to be key for the patient:,a positive attitude, positive health habits, good diet and fluid intake, protecting the limb in hemodialysis, where the coupling is introduced. Nurses consider informing patients with peritoneal dialysis to be more difficult than those with hemodialysis because they must comply with more rules and are not under constant observation. Patients are treated in their home environment and need to adapt their premises for the exchange of solutions and must learn the aseptic technique during the procedure for such exchanges and constant monitoring of the catheter, which are introduced in the peritoneum. The education of patients at the research department is usually done by the ward nurse.
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Quality of Life of Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease.
SOBKOVČÍKOVÁ, Gabriela
Aim of this study was to determine, which area (social, psychical, physical) is for the patient with chronic kidney disease considered most important and whether we can help the patient to improve his quality of life in this area. A qualitative form of research was used for achieving the aim of this paper. Collection of data has been performed by the method of semi-structured interview in 10 patients using additional (so-called probe) questions. Case reports of individual patients have been performed on the basis of interview results. These case reports form a base for workup of categorized tables and graphs (frame analysis approach), in which most important research results have been summarised. Research set has been chosen as target-oriented by the snowball technique and is formed by 10 respondents with chronic kidney disease, who are patients with chronic kidney disease since their childhood. The research has proven that respondents perceive as most important issues the family and health, but their conception differs for each of them. Research results can be used in social contacts and consultation and education working directly with patients and improving their compliance.
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